Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

Antimetabole is characterized by what feature?

1. A rephrasing of an idea without changing the syntax

2. The repetition of the same grammatical structure

3. The reversal of a phrase to create a distinctive effect

4. A gradual increase in the intensity of a statement

The correct answer is: The reversal of a phrase to create a distinctive effect

Antimetabole involves the reversal of words or phrases in a particular order to create a distinctive effect, often emphasizing a contrast or creating a memorable statement. This rhetorical device is effective in making an argument more persuasive and engaging by creating a sense of balance and parallelism. For instance, the phrase "Ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country" by John F. Kennedy demonstrates antimetabole through its reversal, bringing attention to the contrasting ideas of personal benefit versus civic duty. This technique not only enhances the rhetorical impact of a sentence but also contributes to the overall rhythm and appeal of the spoken or written word. Other choices do not capture the essence of antimetabole as effectively. Options focusing on rephrasing an idea or the repetition of grammatical structures do not convey the specific method of reversal that characterizes antimetabole. Additionally, the idea of a gradual increase in intensity is more aligned with a different rhetorical strategy, such as crescendo or amplificatio.