Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

How does a writer typically transition from the main proof to the conclusion?

1. By introducing new arguments

2. Through the use of refutation

3. By posing questions to the reader

4. By simplifying the complex arguments

The correct answer is: Through the use of refutation

A writer typically transitions from the main proof to the conclusion through the use of refutation. This approach allows the writer to address and counter opposing viewpoints or objections, thereby strengthening their own argument. By acknowledging and responding to counterarguments, the writer provides a more nuanced perspective that reinforces their main points. This technique serves to clarify the rationale behind the conclusion, making it more persuasive and grounded in critical thinking. While introducing new arguments can distract from the established proof, posing questions to the reader may engage them but doesn't create a direct transition to the conclusion. Simplifying complex arguments could help in understanding, but it does not effectively bridge the gap between the main proof and the conclusion itself. Transitioning through refutation effectively leads the audience toward the final thoughts while enhancing the writer's credibility.