Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition Practice Exam

What is the main purpose of an argument in the context of persuasive discourse?

1. A process of emotional appeal

2. A presentation of unrelated opinions

3. A coherent movement from claim to conclusion

4. A summary of existing knowledge

The correct answer is: A coherent movement from claim to conclusion

The main purpose of an argument in persuasive discourse is to present a coherent movement from claim to conclusion. This involves establishing a logical structure where the argument begins with a clear claim or thesis and is followed by supporting evidence and reasoning that leads to a conclusion. Effective arguments are constructed in a way that guides the audience through the thought process, demonstrating how the evidence supports the initial claim. This method not only helps to clarify the argument but also aims to persuade the audience by making them see the validity of the claim based on the provided evidence. In contrast, the other options do not adequately capture the essence of what an argument in persuasive discourse seeks to achieve. Emotional appeal can be a part of an argument, but it alone does not fulfill the purpose of guiding the audience through a logical conclusion. Presenting unrelated opinions lacks the necessary coherence and connection that defines a strong argument, as it does not lead the audience to a conclusion based on a central claim. Lastly, a summary of existing knowledge does not necessarily make an argument; rather, it simply reiterates information without constructing a persuasive claim or conclusion. By focusing on the logical progression from claim to conclusion, the correct choice emphasizes the structure essential to persuasive discourse.